Noun (Kata Benda)
žNOUN (Kata Benda) adalah segala sesuatu yang menunjukkan orang, benda,
tempat, tumbuhan, hewan, kualitas dan sebagainya.
žExample: Dedy, table (meja), Jakarta, orange
(jeruk), horse (kuda), goodness (kebaikan).
ü Concrete Noun
ü Abstract Noun
Abstract Noun kata benda yang abstrak/ tak berwujud.
Ex: agreement (persetujuan), development (perkembangan),association
(perkumpulan), action (perbuatan), connection (hubungan), difference
(perbedaan), complaint (keluhan), recovery (kesembuhan), happiness
(kebahagiaan), librarian (pustakawan), musician (pemain musik).
Example:
ž Take your book please! (nama benda)
ž Rizqi is listening to the radio. (nama orang)
ž They saw tiger in the zoo. (hewan)
ž I met my a man yesterday. (objek)
ž Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia (tempat)
ž The teacher will be happy with your kindness
ž Islam is my choice
PRONOUN (Kata Ganti)
ž Pronoun digunakan untuk
menggantikan Noun, seperti: I, You, We, They, He, She, it.
ž Pronoun dapat menggantikan
orang, binatang, atau benda yang yang terkait dengan apa yang sedang
dibicarakan.
ž Personal
Pronoun (subject – object)
ž I know Tony.
He is a friendly person
ž I like Tony.
I know him well
ž I have a
red book. It is on my desk
ž When you
see African lions in the park, you see them
in their true environment.
ž Possesive
Adjective
ž This is my
book
ž I like your
hair
ž His name is “John”
Possessive
Pronoun
Ø Look at those
cars. Theirs is really ugly; ours is beautiful.
Ø This new car is mine.
Ø These are my
gloves. Hers are in the drawer.
Reflexive
Pronoun
v I‘m going to buy
myself a new jeans
v We should give
time for ourselves to take a rest.
v The cat is licking itself
VERB
(KATA KERJA)
ž Verbs (kata
kerja) adalah kata yang menunjukkan suatu pekerjaan, perbuatan, tingkah laku,
atau kegiatan.
ž Example: to
Write (menulis), to read
(membaca), to sleep (tidur), to eat (makan), to sit
(duduk).
q Menurut
kegunaannya:
ž Infinitive atau Present tense
(V1)
ž Preterite atau Past tense (V2)
ž Past participle (V3)
q Menurut
Perubahan bentuk dan waktunya:
ž Regular Verb (kata kerja beraturan)
ž Irregular
Verb (kata kerja
tidak beraturan)
Menurut objek
kata kerja:
ž Transitive
Verb (Membutuhkan
objek)
ž Intransitive
Verb (tidak
membutuhkan objek)
› Example
› (Transitive):
› She made a
cake (dia
membuat roti)
› I will see it (saya akan melihatnya)
› I want to swim (saya ingin berenang)
› He likes climbing (dia suka mendaki)
› They give me
a flower
(mereka memberiku bunga)
› (Intransitive)
› My mother
cooks in the kitchen
(ibu saya memasak di dapur)
› The baby
sleeps in the bedroom (Bayi itu tidur di kamar)
ADJECTIVE
(KATA SIFAT)
ž Adjectives adalah kata-kata yang menerangkan
kata benda (nouns) atau kata ganti (pronouns).
Example:
§ Harun is a
diligent boy
§ My little boy is
clever
§ Alfian is a brave
man
§ They are a happy
family
§ Here is our
room
§ He is a fourth
speaker
CONJUNCTION
(KATA SAMBUNG)
ž Conjunctions (Kata Sambung) adalah kata yang
digunakan untuk menghubungkan kata-kata, ungkapan atau kalimat dan sebagainya.
Types of
Conjunction
ž Coordinate
Conjunction
ž And, or, but, yet, nor,
so, for
ž Example:
Ø My friend and
I always study together.
Ø He is tired and
wants to rest.
Ø You must hurry
up or you will be left behind
Ø She is beautiful
but dumb.
Ø He loves her, but
she doesn't love him.
Ø I didn’t study, yet
I passed the exam.
Ø Anggra comes
late, for she oversleep.
Ø I don’t know
you, nor do I want to know you.
Ø Please
reconsider, so you will not regret oneday..
ž Corelative
Conjunction
Ø Both…..and…
Ø Not only….but also….
Ø Neither…..nor…
Ø Either……or…
§ Example
§ Both Laily and Mahmudah love their
parents.
§ He can not
only drive a car but also a helicopter.
§ Either Sally or Evelyn can drive you
home
§ Neither money nor power has made him
arrogant
ž Subordinate
Conjunction
Ø Subordinate conjunction
introduces a clause that depends on a main or independent clause.
Ø Example:
§ You will succeed
if you are diligent
§ He is tired because
he has been working hard.
§ She never saw
him again after he left town
§ Once you have made a mistake, you cannot
correct it.
§ We’ll wait
inside until the rain stops.
§ He has been very
ill since he had his accident.
PREPOSITION
(KATA DEPAN)
ž Preposition (Kata Depan) adalah kata yang tidak
dapat berubah bentuknya. biasanya di letakkan di depan kata benda (noun)
atau kata ganti (pronoun), yang bertujuan untuk menunjukkan hubungannya
tertentu dengan kata-kata lain dalam kalimat.
ž In (di dalam), on (di atas), behind
(di belakang), for (untuk), by (oleh).
Example:
ž The Children
played behind the house.
ž We did it for
him.
ž You must
complete the project in two week.
ž I saw him in
September.
ž I saw him in
1999.
ž I saw him in the
morning.
ž He heard stange
noises during the night.
ž We placed the
books on the table
ž I saw him on
Saturday.
ž I saw him in
September 16.
ž You may leave at
five o’clock.
Conjunction
and Preposition
ž The class ended before
lunch (Prep.)
ž The class ended before
it was time for lunch (conj.)
ž Before I took a bath, I had played with my
friend.
ž We did our
homework after dinner (prep.)
ž Wash the dishes after
you eat (conj.)
ž I want nothing
but you (except)
ž Last night, I
would lend you my car but it was used (conj.)
INTERJECTION
(KATA SERU)
ž Interjection (Kata Seru) adalah suatu bunyi seru
yang ditambahkan ke dalam kalimat untuk menunjukkan perasaan atau emosi yang
kuat seperti kegembiraan, kesedihan, keterkejutan, persetujuan, keheranan, dsb.
Example:
ž Hurray! = Hore!
ž Bravo! = Bagus
sekali!
ž Hush! = Diam!
ž Ah! = Aduh!
ž Oh my God! = Ya
Tuhanku!
ž Well done! = Bagus
sekali!
ž Thank goodness!
= Syukurlah!
ž Thank God! = Alhamdulillah!
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